Comparación de las expectativas académicas de universitarios colombianos de primer año según el nivel de escolaridad de los padres

Introducción: Las expectativas académicas representan aquello que los estudiantes esperan alcanzar durante su formación y son un factor predictivo del desempeño académico y social. Estas expectativas académicas son moldeadas por los padres, luego la educación de estos es una variable importante en el desarrollo académico de los hijos. Si bien los progenitores proyectan sus anhelos sobre sus hijos, los motivan a tener altos niveles de aspiración y son los responsables de crear ambientes intelectualmente más estimulantes; el objetivo de este estudio fue identificar las diferencias en las expectativas académicas de una muestra de estudiantes, según el nivel de escolaridad de sus padres. Método: Esta investigación contó con la participación de 261 estudiantes colombianos universitarios quienes están cursando su primer año de pregrado, entre los 16 y 54 años (media=21,9). Para este estudio se utilizó el Cuestionario de percepciones académicas-expectativas (CPA-E; Deaño et al., 2015); se obtuvieron los puntajes de cada participante, junto con sus datos sociodemográficos que estipulaban el nivel de escolaridad de los padres, y se llevaron a cabo los análisis descriptivos de cada grupo, y los análisis de varianza unidireccional (ANOVA). Resultados: Las expectativas académicas de los estudiantes con ambos padres sin educación superior (media = 189.176), se encuentran por debajo de la media, siendo significativamente diferentes a los puntajes de expectativas académicas de individuos con uno (media = 202.050) o ambos padres con estudios superiores (media = 204.286, p < 0,001). Discusión: Se demuestra la relevancia y necesidad del acceso a la educación para la mayoría de la población colombiana, entendiendo que este es un factor influyente en las expectativas académicas de una persona, y que debe tenerse un acompañamiento diferencial a los estudiantes con padres sin formación profesional.

Introduction: Academic expectations represent what students hope to achieve during their training and are a predictor of academic and social performance. These academic expectations are shaped by the parents, therefore their education is an important variable in the academic development of the children. Although parents project their aspirations on their children, motivate them to have high levels of aspiration and are responsible for creating more intellectually stimulating environments, the objective of this study was to identify the differences in the academic expectations of a sample of students, according to the level of education of their parents. Method: This research had the participation of 261 Colombian university students who are studying their first year of undergraduate, between the ages of 16 and 54 (mean = 21,9). For this study, the Academic Perceptions-Expectations Questionnaire (CPA-E; Deaño et al., 2015), was used, the scores of each participant were obtained, together with their sociodemographic data stipulating the parents' level of education, and descriptive data and one-way variance (ANOVA) analyzes were done. Results: The academic expectations of students with both parents without higher education (mean= 189.176), are below the average, being significantly different from the academic expectations scores of individuals with one (mean= 202.050) or both parents with higher education (mean= 204.286, p < 0,001). Discussion: The relevance and need of access to education for most of the Colombian population is demonstrated, understanding that this is an influential factor in the academic expectations of a person, and that there must be differential support for students with parents without training professional.

Academic Expectations, Gender and Working Status: Comparing Two Cohorts of University Students / Expectativas Acadêmicas, Gênero e Situação Profissional: Comparando Duas Coortes de Estudantes Universitários

ABSTRACT The expansion of higher education is associated with the progressive diversification of student's profiles, such as the increasing number of older, working and female students. The transition to higher education poses challenges for students entering it, generating expectations that can impact academic adaptation. This study compared academic expectations by gender and work situation in two cohorts of first-year students from a Brazilian public university, involving 13,336 participants. The Brazilian Scale of Academic Expectations for First-Year University Students was administered. Non-working and female students had higher academic expectations in both cohorts. The findings provide subsidies to higher education institutions to develop support programs and policies targeting first-year students.

RESUMO A expansão da educação superior está associada à progressiva diversificação dos perfis discentes, tais como aumento do número de estudantes mais velhos, trabalhadores e mulheres. A transição para o ensino superior comporta desafios para os estudantes que nele ingressam, gerando expectativas que podem impactar a adaptação acadêmica. Este estudo comparou as expectativas acadêmicas por gênero e situação de trabalho em dois coortes de estudantes ingressantes em uma universidade pública brasileira, envolvendo 13.336 participantes. Utilizou-se a Escala Brasileira de Expectativas Acadêmicas para Estudantes Ingressantes na Educação Superior. Estudantes mulheres e não trabalhadores apresentaram maiores expectativas acadêmicas em ambas as coortes. Os resultados fornecem subsídios às instituições de ensino superior para desenvolvimento de programas de apoio e políticas voltadas aos estudantes ingressantes.

Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud, Expectativas y Satisfacción Académica de jóvenes universitarios

Introducción: El objetivo del trabajo fue determinar la relación entre las dimensiones de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud y las expectativas académicas de resultado, las expectativas de futuro, metas de progreso y la satisfacción escolar de jóvenes universitarios. Método: La investigación fue observacional, descriptiva, correlacional y con diseño transeccional. En este estudio participaron 346 jóvenes universitarios (51 %= hombres y 49 % mujeres), de 18 a 23 años, la forma de selección de la muestra fue por conveniencia. Se utilizó el cuestionario SF-12 que evalúa la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en ocho dimensiones; función física, rol físico, dolor corporal, salud general, vitalidad, función social, rol emocional y salud mental, y las escalas de; expectativas académicas de resultado, metas de progreso académicas, satisfacción escolar y expectativas de futuro. Resultados: Los resultados indican la existencia de altos puntajes en dimensiones como la función física, rol físico y rol emocional, excepto en la función social. Se observó correlación entre las dimensiones que integran el componente de salud física con las expectativas académicas, satisfacción académica y expectativas de futuro. A su vez, el componente de salud mental se correlacionó con las metas de progreso académicas, expectativas académicas de resultado, satisfacción académica y expectativas de futuro. Conclusiones: los jóvenes universitarios tienen una buena calidad de vida, sin embargo, existe una proporción de estudiantes que no adoptan hábitos saludables y otros sí. La salud física y mental son aspectos importantes en los estudiantes, no obstante, los universitarios no visualizan el impacto de dichos beneficios en el éxito escolar, el logro de sus expectativas académicas, metas de progreso e incluso en sus expectativas de futuro.

Background: The study aimed to determine the relationship between the dimensions of health-related quality of life and the academic expectations of the outcome, future expectations, progress goals, and school satisfaction of young university students. Method: The research was observational, descriptive, correlational, and with a transitional design. In this study, 346 young university students (51% = men and 49% women) participated, from 18 to 23 years old, the form of a selection of the sample was for convenience. The SF-12 questionnaire was used, which evaluates the health-related quality of life in eight dimensions; physical function, physical role, body pain, general health, vitality, social function, emotional role, and mental health, and the scales of academic expectations of the outcome, academic progress goals, school satisfaction, and future expectations. Results: The results indicate the existence of high scores in physical function, physical role, and emotional role, except in social function. A correlation was observed between the physical health component and academic expectations, academic satisfaction, and future expectations. In turn, mental health is correlated with academic progress goals, academic expectations of the outcome, academic satisfaction, and expectations for the future. Conclusions: Young university students have a good quality of life, however, there is a proportion of students who do not adopt healthy habits and others do. Physical and mental health are important aspects in students; however, university students do not visualize the impact of these benefits on school success, the achievement of their academic expectations, progress goals, and even their future expectations.

Habilidades Sociais e Expectativas Acadêmicas em Estudantes de Enfermagem / Social Skills and Academic Expectation in Nursing Students / Habilidades Sociales y Expectativas Académicas en Estudiantes de Enfermería

O estudo avaliou o repertório de habilidades sociais e de expectativas acadêmicas de estudantes de enfermagem e comparou com alunos de outros cursos da área da saúde do primeiro e do último ano. Participaram da pesquisa 200 alunos de instituições particulares, iniciantes e concluintes de enfermagem e de outras áreas da saúde, sendo 78,5% (N=135) do sexo feminino e 32,5% (N=65), pertencentes à classe social B2. Foram utilizados como instrumentos o Inventário de Habilidades Sociais e o Questionário de Envolvimento Acadêmico nas Versões A e B. Os concluintes de enfermagem apresentaram melhores escores em habilidades sociais do que as outras amostras de estudantes, melhor comportamento efetivo no Envolvimento Institucional e melhor utilização da infraestrutura disponível na universidade para a realização de atividades acadêmicas. O estudo contribui com evidências sobre a relevância do desenvolvimento das habilidades sociais para a atuação profissional do enfermeiro na assistência à saúde. (AU)

The research evaluated and compared the social skills and academic expectations of nursing students and students from other courses in the area of health from first and last year. The study included 200 students, coming from a private institution, with beginners and graduating nursing and other health areas, with 78.5% (135) students were female and the majority 32.5% (65) belonged to the social class B2. The instruments used were the Social Skills Inventory, the Empathy Inventory and the Academic Engagement Questionnaire) - QEA in versions A and B. The nursing graduates presented better scores in social skills than the other student samples, better effective behavior in the Institutional Involvement and better use of the infrastructure available in the university for the accomplishment of academic activities. The study contributes with evidence on the relevance of the development of social skills for the professional performance of nurses in health care. (AU)

El estudio evaluó el repertorio de habilidades sociales y de expectativas académicas de estudiantes de enfermería y lo comparó con alumnos de otros cursos del área de la salud del primer y del último año. En la investigación, 200 alumnos de instituciones privadas, iniciantes y concluyentes de enfermería y de otras áreas de la salud con 78,5% (N = 135) del sexo femenino y 32,5% (N = 65) pertenecientes a la clase social B2. Se utilizaron como Académica en las Versiones A y B. Los concluyentes de enfermería presentaron mejores escores en habilidades sociales que las otras muestras de estudiantes, mejor comportamiento efectivo en el involucramiento institucional y mejor utilización de la infraestructura disponible en la universidad para la realización de actividades académicas. El estudio contribuye con evidencias sobre la relevancia del desarrollo de las habilidades sociales para La actuación profesional del enfermero en La asistencia a la salud. (AU)

Gender, planning, and academic expectations in first-year higher education students: testing two alternative mediation models

Abstract We examined the relationships among gender, planning, and academic expectations through the testing of two alternative models with latent variables tested with LISREL 8.80: one model considered planning as a mediator of the relationship between gender and academic expectations, and the other model considered academic expectations as mediators of the relationship between gender and planning. Participants were 662 first-year higher-education students from two academic years, predominantly female (60%) and mainly with majors in the juridical-social field (66.2%). The Inventario sobre Estrategias Metacognitivas (IEM; Inventory of Metacognitive Strategies) and the Academic Perceptions Questionnaire (APQ) were applied at the beginning of the first semester to assess planning and academic expectations, respectively. Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the IEM's structure after examining its psychometric properties with the sample from the first academic year (N = 338). The test of the alternative mediation models with the full sample indicates that the best model was that with planning as a mediator. In this model, gender directly predicted only two APQ academic expectations, but with the mediation of planning, gender predicted all seven academic expectations. Women showed higher levels of academic expectations and planning than did men. The results are discussed at both the theoretical and practical levels.

Willingness to Forgive among Colombian Adults / Los determinantes del perdón entre colombianos adultos

Abstract We examined Colombian people's determinants of willingness to forgive. A sample of 104 adults was presented with 24 scenarios depicting a situation in which a medical error resulted in severe consequences for a patient. Four factors were manipulated in the scenarios: (a) the severity of consequences of the error (e.g., extremely severe, including the risk of death), (b) the degree of negligence associated with the physician's act, (c) apologies or contrition for the act from the physician (e.g., direct apologies at the bed of the patient), and (d) the patient's current health status (e.g., consequences fully canceled). Through cluster analysis, four qualitatively different positions were found: (a) never forgive, irrespective of circumstances (15% of the sample), (b) depends on the circumstances of the offense (55%), (c) almost always forgive (24%), and (d) undetermined (5%). As regards forgiveness, therefore, Colombians' views and practices were similar to people from other cultures' ones. If most participants in previous studies on Colombians' willingness to forgive expressed extreme positions -- either never forgive or always forgive, irrespective of circumstances, it was because they deliberately wished to express strong opinions regarding the proper treatment that, in their view, the violent people depicted in the scenarios - paramilitary, guerillas, and members of drug cartels - deserved.

Resumen Hemos examinado los determinantes del perdón en una muestra de 104 adultos colombianos, utilizando una técnica de escenarios. Cada escenario describía una situación de error médico que tuvo consecuencias graves para el paciente. Los factores manipulados en los escenarios eran: (a) la gravedad de las consecuencias (e.g., muy grave incluyendo el riesgo de muerte), (b) el nivel de negligencia por parte del médico, (c) la presencia de excusas o contrición por parte del médico (e.g., excusas personales frente al paciente en su cama del hospital), y (d) el estado de salud presente (e.g., el paciente ha vuelto a casa y las consecuencias han desaparecidas). A través de un análisis en clústeres, cuatro posiciones, cualitativamente distintas, fueron encontradas: (a) jamás perdonar, independientemente de las circunstancias (15% de la muestra), (b) depende de las circunstancias del daño ocurrido (55%), (c) casi siempre perdonar (24%), y (d) no sé (5%). En relación con el perdón entonces, los colombianos no difieren de las otras personas que pertenecen a otras culturas. Si en los estudios previos, la voluntad de los colombianos a personar ha sido tan escasa, esto se debe al contexto de posconflicto de estos estudios.

Equivalencia factorial de las versiones en español y portugués de un cuestionario de expectativas académicas / Factorial equivalence of the Spanish and Portuguese versions of a questionnaire of academic expectations

Resumen Este estudio presenta los resultados de una investigación sobre expectativas académicas de estudiantes universitarios de primer año de Enseñanza Superior (ES) pertenecientes al norte de Portugal y noroeste de España. Su objetivo es replicar las propiedades psicométricas del instrumento utilizado obtenidas con una versión anterior del mismo. La muestra está integrada por 1.268 estudiantes de primer año de ES con edades comprendidas entre los 17 y 52 años (Mdn = 18, siendo de más de 23 años el 7.4%). Proceden de la región noroeste de España 413 estudiantes (Galicia, Universidad de Vigo) y 855 de la región norte de Portugal (Minho, Universidade do Minho). El 58.1% del total de la muestra son mujeres. Por ámbito de estudio, el 58.4% cursa titulaciones del ámbito científico-tecnológico y los demás del ámbito jurídico-social. Se aplicó el Cuestionario de Percepciones Académicas-Expectativas (CPA-E), estructurado en siete dimensiones: Formación para el empleo/carrera, Desarrollo personal y social, Movilidad estudiantil, Implicación político/ciudadana, Presión social, Calidad de formación e Interacción social. La invarianza del modelo factorial oblicuo del CPA-E fue testada con el LISREL 8.80 mediante el método bivariado latente normal y la estimación de máxima verosimilitud, con la corrección de Satorra y Bentler (1994). Todos los ítems representaron bien a sus respectivos factores y los factores mostraron una buena validez y fiabilidad para los países y el género. Se obtuvo, por tanto, invarianza factorial del modelo para los países y el género. Se asume una versión final del cuestionario común para España y Portugal, así como para mujeres y hombres.

Abstract We present the results of a study conducted with first-year students from the Euro-region of Galicia-North Portugal, with the aim of replicating the psychometric properties of the instrument as obtained from a prior version. Participants included 1268 first-year students with ages ranging from 17 to 52 years (Mdn = 18; 7.4% with ages above 23 years). Four-hundred and thirteen students are from the North Spanish region (Galicia, University of Minho) and 855 are from the North Portuguese region (Minho, University of Minho), and 58.1% of the students are women. Students are enrolled in scientific-technological courses (58.4%) and juridical-social studies. We administered the Academic Perceptions Questionnaire- Expectations (APQ-E), which is structured in seven dimensions: Training for career development, Personal and social development, Student mobility, Political engagement and citizenship, Social pressure, Training quality, and Social interaction. The invariance of the factorial model of the APQ-E was tested with LISREL 8.80, based on a bivariate latent model and maximum likelihood estimation, with Satorra and Bentler correction (1994). All items contributed to the representation of the factors, and the factors showed good validity and reliability for country and gender. Therefore, we obtained factorial invariance of the measurement model for country and gender. We present the final version of the common questionnaire for Portugal and Spain, and for women and men.

Expectativas acadêmicas de estudantes nos primeiros anos do Ensino Superior / Academic expectations of students in the first years of Higher Education / Expectativas académicas de estudiantes en los primeros años de enseñanza superior

Este trabalho analisa expectativas acadêmicas de universitários ao ingressar no Ensino Superior. Participaram do estudo 205 estudantes do primeiro e segundo ano do Ensino Superior. Os participantes responderam a um questionário sobre expectativas pessoais, relações interpessoais, expectativas acerca do curso, carreira, instituição de ensino e um questionário de dados sociodemográficos. Os dados foram submetidos a análises qualitativas, com recurso a análise de conteúdo. Os alunos descrevem suas expectativas em direção ao mercado de trabalho e aos ganhos pessoais e profissionais resultantes do fato de cursarem o Ensino Superior. Esses resultados reiteram estudos anteriores, indicando que alunos do primeiro ano apresentam altas expectativas em relação ao Ensino Superior. Discutem-se as implicações dos resultados para novas pesquisas e intervenções com universitários, especialmente aqueles com dificuldades de adaptação acadêmica

This study analyzed students' expectations in the transition to Higher Education. Participants were 205 students of the first and second year, enrolled in public and private Higher Education institutions. Students answered an open questionnaire composed of five questions about personal expectations, interpersonal relationships, expectations about the undergraduate program and career development, the institution where they were enrolled, and a social-demographic questionnaire. Content analysis was performed to analyze data. Students described their own expectations regarding the job market, and personal and occupational benefits from studying in Higher Education. These results support previous studies that have suggested that first-year students present high expectations about higher education. We discuss the implications of the results in future researches and intervention with students, especially the ones with difficulties in academic adaptation

Este trabajo analiza expectativas académicas de universitarios al ingresar en la Enseñanza Superior. Participaron del estudio 205 estudiantes del primer y segundo año de la Enseñanza Superior. Los participantes respondieron a un cuestionario sobre expectativas personales, recursos personales, relaciones interpersonal, expectativas acerca del curso, carrera, institución educativa y un cuestionario de datos sociodemográficos. Los datos se sometieron a análisis cualitativos, utilizando el análisis de contenido. Los estudiantes describen sus expectativas hacia el mercado de trabajo y a las ganancias personales y profesionales resultantes hecho de cursar la Enseñanza Superior. Estos resultados reiteran estudios anteriores indicando que alumnos del primer arimer aonales, recursos personales, las relaciones interpersonales, Se discuten las implicaciones de los resultados para nuevas investigaciones e intervenciones con universitarios, especialmente aquellos con dificultades de adaptación académica

Expectativas e adaptação acadêmica em estudantes universitários / Expectations and college adjustment in college students / Expectativas y adaptación académica en universitarios

O objetivo desse estudo foi identificar e comparar as expectativas e a adaptação acadêmica em iniciantes e concluintes e identificar o impacto das expectativas na adaptação. Participaram 400 universitários, sendo 151 homens e 249 mulheres, na faixa etária entre 18 e 59 anos, de instituições públicas e privadas do estado do Rio de Janeiro, que responderam o Questionário de Envolvimento Acadêmico, versão A e versão B, relativos às expectativas e comportamentos, e o Questionário de Vivências Acadêmicas, versão reduzida. Utilizou-se o teste t de Student para comparar os grupos e o teste d de Cohen para calcular o tamanho do efeito. Para avaliar o impacto das expectativas acadêmicas na adaptação à universidade, realizou-se análise de regressão linear. Os resultados apontaram diferenças, porém com baixa magnitude para as expectativas e para a adaptação dos iniciantes e concluintes e que as expectativas acadêmicas dos universitários são preditoras da adaptação acadêmica à universidade.

The aim of this study was to identify and compare expectations and the college adjustment among the freshmen and senior students and the impact of expectations on adaptation. The sample was 400 college students, being 151 men and 249 women, in the age range of 18 through 59 years old, from public and private universities in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, who answered the Questionnaire on Academic Involvement, versions A and B, regarding expectations and behaviors, and the Questionnaire on Academic Experiences, abridged version. Student's t-test has been used to compare the groups and the Cohen's d test to calculate the effect size. In order to evaluate the impact of the academic expectative on the adaptation to the university, linear regression analysis has been performed. The results have indicated differences, but with low magnitude for the expectations and adaptation of freshmen and senior students, and also, that the academic expectations of college students are predictors of college students' adjustment to the University.

El objetivo de este estudio es identificar y comparar las expectativas y la adaptación académica de los principiantes y los concluyentes, y el impacto de estas expectativas en la adaptación. En este estudio, participaron 400 universitarios de ambos sexos, siendo 151 hombres y 249 mujeres, con edades comprehendidas entre 18 y 59 años, de instituciones públicas y privada del estado de Río de Janeiro, Brasil, que contestaron el Cuestionario Participación Académica, versión A y la versión B, relativos a las expectativas y los comportamientos, y el Cuestionario de Vivencias Académicas, versión reducida. Se utilizó la prueba t de Student para comparar los grupos y la prueba d Cohen para calcular el tamaño del efecto. Para evaluar el impacto de las expectativas académicas en la adaptación a la universidad celebrada el análisis de regresión lineal. Los resultados apuntaron diferencias, pero con baja magnitud de las expectativas y de la adaptación de los principiantes y los graduados y las expectativas académicas de los universitarios son predictores del ajuste académico a la universidad.

O que vai acontecer quando eu estiver na universidade?: Expectativas de jovens estudantes brasileiros / What will happen when I will be in college?: Expectations of young Brazilian students

As expectativas acadêmicas de estudantes universitários têm sido relacionadas a uma melhor adaptação à Universidade e também a um melhor rendimento escolar, sobretudo no ano de ingresso na Instituição de Nível Superior, daí a importância de se conhecer o que os alunos imaginam encontrar no Ensino Superior. Este estudo teve por objetivo identificar as expectativas acadêmicas de estudantes universitários do primeiro ano do Ensino Superior. Foi utilizada a técnica de grupo focal com 13 estudantes com idades variando de 18 a 24 anos. Oito estudantes eram do sexo feminino. As falas foram gravadas e posteriormente transcritas. A análise dos dados foi feita utilizando a metodologia de Análise de Conteúdo. Foram identificadas oito categorias das quais foram extraídos os principais resultados que se apresentam em relação à remuneração, à realização pessoal e profissional, ao trote, à qualidade do corpo docente, às disciplinas, à infraestrutura, à aceitação familiar e ao aproveitamento do curso como segunda opção. Os resultados foram discutidos, permitindo pensar possíveis estratégias de intervenção que visem a um melhor aproveitamento, por parte do aluno, no contexto universitário.(AU)

The academic expectations of college students in the first year of higher education was related to a better adaptation to the university and to a better academic performance especially during the first year of college, which is why it is important to know what students hope to find when they enroll into college. The methodology of focus groups was used with 13 students aged 18-24 years old. Eight students were female. The discussions were recorded and later transcribed. Data analysis was performed according to the method of content analysis. Eight categories were identified and extracted from, exposing the main results that are presented in relation to remuneration, personal and professional fulfillment, trot, quality of faculty, disciplines, infrastructure, family acceptance and use of the course as a second option. The results were discussed, and that allowed thinking possible strategies of intervention that aim for a better performance from students in the college context.(AU)

O impacto das expectativas na adaptação acadêmica dos estudantes no Ensino Superior / The impact of expectations on the students' academic adaptation in Higher Education / El impacto de las expectativas sobre la adaptación académica de los estudiantes en la Educación Superior

Os desafios enfrentados pelos jovens, decorrentes do ingresso no Ensino Superior , têm sido alvo de inúmeras pesquisas, destacando a confluência de variáveis pessoais e contextuais nesse processo de transição e adaptação ao Ensino Superior . O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar como as expectativas afetam a qualidade das vivências adaptativas dos acadêmicos que iniciam o Ensino Superior . Participaram deste estudo 182 estudantes brasileiros (M=26,2; DP=8,76), sendo 146 mulheres e 36 homens, que responderam a dois questionários reportados às expectativas e vivências acadêmicas. Os resultados indicaram que as expectativas iniciais dos ingressantes foram correlacionadas com a qualidade das suas vivências acadêmicas. Em particular, as expectativas de envolvimento nas relações com os colegas, no projeto vocacional de carreira e nas atividades curriculares do seu curso foram associadas à adaptação acadêmica dos estudantes...

Many studies have addressed the challenges faced by students when they access higher education, describing the influence of personal and contextual factors on the transition and adaptation to Higher Education. The present study aimed to investigate how expectations impact the quality of first-year students' experiences. Participants included 182 Brazilian students (M=26,2; DP=8,76), 146 women and 36 men, who answered two questionnaires focusing on academic expectations and experiences. Results suggest that initial expectations of first-year students are correlated with the quality of their academic experiences. Specifically, expectations about students' engagement with colleagues, career project, and curricular activities in their undergraduate program, seem to be related with students' academic adaptation...

Los desafíos que enfrentan los jóvenes que resultan del ingreso a la educación superior han sido objeto de numerosas investigaciones, destacando la convergencia de variables personales y contextuales en este proceso de transición y adaptación a la educación superior. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar cómo las expectativas afectan la calidad de las experiencias de adaptación de los estudiantes que inician la educación superior. Participaron 182 estudiantes brasileños (M=26,2; DP=8,76), siendo 146 mujeres y 36 hombres, que respondieron dos cuestionarios direccionados a las expectativas y experiencias académicas. Los resultados indicaron que las expectativas iniciales de los estudiantes ingresantes se correlacionaron con la calidad de sus experiencias académicas. En particular, las expectativas de participación en las relaciones con los compañeros, en el proyecto de la carrera y en las actividades curriculares del curso fueron relacionadas con la adaptación académica de los estudiantes...

Inteligência, habilidades sociais e expectativas acadêmicas no desempenho de estudantes universitários / Intelligence, social skills and academic expectations in university students' performance

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as correlações entre inteligência, habilidades sociais e expectativas acadêmicas e seus impactos no desempenho acadêmico de estudantes universitários matriculados nos primeiro e segundo períodos de cursos universitários. A amostra foi composta de 196 estudantes, sendo 156 mulheres e 40 homens com idade entre 17 e 59 anos. Foram utilizados os testes de Raciocínio Abstrato (RA) da Bateria BPR-5; o Inventário de Habilidades Sociais (IHS-Del-Prette) e o Questionário de Envolvimento Acadêmico - versão expectativas (QEA). Os resultados identificaram correlação entre habilidades sociais, expectativas acadêmicas e desempenho acadêmico. No entanto, a inteligência não se correlacionou nem com desempenho acadêmico nem com habilidades sociais...

This study aimed to assess the variables that could affect academic performance by studying correlations between intelligence, social skills, and academic expectations and how such factors affect academic performance of university students in their first year in college. The sample consisted of 196 students (156 women and 40 men) aged from 17 to 59. Abstract Reasoning (BPR-5s) tests, the Social Skills Inventory (IHS-Del-Prette), and the Academic Involvement Questionnaire (AIQ) - Expectations version were used. Results showed there are correlations among social skills, academic expectations, and academic performance. Intelligence, however, was not related to academic performance neither to social skills...